Noms vernaculaires
(dans les territoires avec usage significatif TRAMIL)
République dominicaine:
- cacao
Distribution géographique
Originaire d’Amérique centrale et d’Amérique du sud, abondamment cultivée sous les tropiques.
Description botanique
Petit arbre de 6 à 8 m, branches jeunes hirsutes. Feuilles à court pétiole ou ovées-oblongues de 15 à 30 cm, se terminant brusquement en pointe, base arrondie, ou obtuse. Inflorescence petite, caulinaire; fleurs à long pétiole; calice rosé, de 6-7 mm; pétales jaunes. Fruit glabre, ovoïde-oblongue, dont l’extrémité s’affine graduellement, avec 10 sillons irrégulièrement rugueux-tuberculés, pulpe blanche sucrée; graines ovoïdes.
Voucher(s)
Girón,281,CFEH
Pharmacopée
Ed.3References
1 GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU L, GERONIMO M, AMPARO C, 1984
Encuesta TRAMIL. enda-caribe, Santo Domingo, Rep. Dominicana.
2 KENYHERCZ TM, KISSINGER PT, 1978
Determination of selected acidic, neutral, and basic natural products in cacao beans and processed cocoa. Liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Lloydia 41(2):130-139.
3 SJOBERG AM, RAJAMA J, 1984
Simple method for the determination of alkaloids in cocoa using paper chromatography and UV spectrometry. J Chromatogr 295(1):291-294.
4 GURNEY KA, EVANS LV, ROBINSON DS, 1991
Extraction of purine alkaloids from cocoa tissues and determination by high-performance liquid chromatography. Phytochem Anal 2(1):15-19.
5 RIGGIN RM, KISSENGER PT, 1976
Identification of salsolinol as a phenolic component in powdered cocoa and cocoa-based products. J Agric Food Chem 24(4):900.
6 VITZTHUM OG, WERKHOFF P, HUBERT P, 1975
Volatile components of roasted cocoa: basic fraction. J Food Sci 40(5):911-916.
7 PORTER LJ, MA Z, CHAN BG, 1991
Cacao procyanidins: major flavanoids and identification of some minor metabolites. Phytochemistry 30(5):1657-1663.
8 THOMPSON RS, JACQUES D, HASLAM E, TANNER RJN, 1972
Plant proanthocyanidins. Part I. Introduction: the isolation, structure, and distribution in nature of plant procyanidins. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 1:1387-1399.
9 VAN PRAAG M, STEIN HS, TIBBETTS MS, 1968
Steam volatile aroma constituents of roasted cocoa beans. J Agric Food Chem 16(6):1005-1008.
10 LIMA MN, LEAO M, SOARES JG, GOTTLIEB OR, 1975
Chemical study of cupu seeds. Acta Amazonica 5:293.
11 ADOMAKO D, 1977
Fatty acid composition and characteristics of Pentadesma butyracea fat extracted from Ghana seeds. J Sci Food Agr 28(4):384-386.
12 DUKE JA, ATCHLEY AA, 1986
Handbook of proximate analysis tables of higher plants. Boca Raton, USA: CRC Press, p159.
13 MORRISSEY RB, BURKHOLDER BD, TARKA SM, 1984
Effects of cocoa upon the growth of weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats fed fluid whole milk diets. Nutr Rep Int 29(2):263-271.
14 OSAKABE N, YAMAGISHI M, SANPPONGI C, TAKIZAWA T, ADACHI T 1995
Antioxidant-containing beverages for preventing gastric ulcer. Patent-Japan Kokai Tokkyo Koho-07 274,894.
15 HARDMAN JG, GILMAN AG, LIMBIRD LE (Eds.), 1996
The pharmacological basis of therapeutics. 9th ed. New York, USA: McGraw-Hill Professional Publishing, International Edition.
16 KATZUNG BG (Ed.), 1999
Basic and clinical pharmacology. McGraw-Hill Education, New York, USA.
17 PDR Herbals, 2003
Cocoa: Theobroma cacao. The PDR for Herbal Medicines, PDR Electronic Library, Medical Economics Company, PhytoPharm US Institute for Phytopharmaceuticals, Metuchen, USA, Oct. 8, 2003. URL: www.mdcc.edu/medical/library
18 ANON (Select Committee on GRAS Substances), 1976
GRAS status of foods and food additives. Washington DC, USA: Food and Drug Administration, Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Federal Register National Archives and Records Administration 41, 38644
19 FLORIPE A, ALTAMIRANO V, 1998
Plantas que curan. Managua, Nicaragua: Imprimatur. p35.