pruritus (itch)

Cardiospermum halicacabum

(In territories with significant traditional TRAMIL use)

Martinique:

boné karé

Significant uses found by the TRAMIL surveys

leaf, crushed, bath/rubbed¹

Recommendations Preparation and Dosage References

According to published and other information:

The use for gratel (itching and dermatitis) is classified as REC, based on the significant traditional use documented in the TRAMIL surveys, on toxicity studies and on other available published scientific information.

Should there be a notable worsening of the patient’s condition, or should the dermatitis last more than 5 days, seek medical attention.

For topical application, strict hygiene measures should be observed in order to avoid contamination or additional infection.

For gratel (itching and dermatitis):

Wash leaves thoroughly, crush them, and apply 10 grams of vegetal material and apply on affected skin twice daily. Alternatively, add 10 grams of crushed leaves per liter of water, allow to stand for 12 hours and apply as a bath.

1 LONGUEFOSSE JL, NOSSIN E, 1990-95
Enquête TRAMIL. Association pour la valorisation des plantes médicinales de la Caraïbe AVPMC, Fort de France, Martinique.

2 SOLIS P, GUPTA M, CORREA M, 1996
Estudio fitoquímico de algunas plantas TRAMIL. Informe TRAMIL. Centro de Investigaciones Farmacognósticas de la Flora Panameña CIFLORPAN, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Panamá, Panamá, Panamá.

3 KUMARESAN A, 1981
Phytochemical investigation of the leaves of the plant Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. Indian J Pharm Sci 43.

4 PATIL AG, JOSHI KA, PATIL DA, PHATAK AV, NARESH C, 2010
Pharmacognostic and physico-chemical studies on the leaves of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Phamacognosy J 8(2):44-49.

5 MECKLINGER S, MESSEMER C, NIEDERLE S, 1995
Eksembehandlung mit Cardiospermum halicacabum. Cardiospermum-Salbe und Salbengrundlage im Halbseitenvergleich. Eine kontrollierte Studie. Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie 16(5):263-266.

6 KHANNA MSY, JAVED K, KHAN MH, 1990
Chemical examination of Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. Indian Drugs 24(4):257-258.

7 SHABANA MM, GENENAH AA, EL ZALABANI SM, ABOU EL-ELA RG, YOUSIF MF, 1990
Phytochemical investigation and insecticidal activity of Cardiospermum halicacabum L. Cultivated in Egypt. Bull Fac Pharm Cairo Univ 28(2):79-83.

8 HERRERA J, 1996
Validación farmacológica de plantas medicinales usadas en medicina tradicional popular en la cuenca del Caribe. Informe TRAMIL. Dep. de Farmacología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

9 Murugesan S, Viji M, 2010
Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of medicinal plant Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. J Phytology 2(1):68-77.

10 CHANDRA T, SADIQUE J, 1984
Antiinflammatory effect of the medicinal plant Cardiospermum halicacabum Linn. In vitro study. Arogya 101:57-60.

11 ASHA VY, PUSHPANGADAN P, 1999
Antipyretic activity of Cardiospermum halicacabum. Indian J Exp Biol 37(4):411-414.

12 MENG Z, SAKAI Y, OSE Y, SATO T, NAGASE H, KITO H, SATO M, MIZUNO M, ONO K, NAKANE H, 1990
Antimutagenic activity by the medicinal plants in traditional Chinese medicines. Shoyakugaku Zasshi 44(3):225-229.

13 HORMANN H, KORTING H, 1994
Evidence for the efficacy and safety of topical herbal drugs in dermatology: Part I: anti-inflammatory agents. Phytomedicine 1(2):161-171.

Momordica charantia

(In territories with significant traditional TRAMIL use)

Haiti:

asorosi

Honduras:

calaica

Barbados:

cerasee

Trinidad and Tobago:

corailee
popololo
sorrow seed

Puerto Rico:

cundeamor

Dominican Republic:

cundeamor

Venezuela:

cundeamor

Dominica:

kokouli

Antigua and Barbuda:

maiden blush

Costa Rica:

sorosí

Guatemala:

sorosí

Significant uses found by the TRAMIL surveys

aerial parts, crushed and/ or in aqueous maceration, bath, friction, and local application^{1-9, 51}

Recommendations Preparation and Dosage References

According to published and other information:

Use for furuncles and common cold is classified as REC, based on the significant traditional use documented in the TRAMIL surveys, toxicity studies and available published scientific information.

Use for dry skin conditions, itching, lice (pediculosis) and burns is classified as REC, based on the significant traditional use (OMS/WHO)⁴ documented in the TRAMIL surveys.

For topical application, strict hygienic measures should be observed in order to avoid contamination or additional infection.

Should there be a notable worsening of the patient’s condition, or should furuncles last more than 5 days, seek medical attention.

Do not take orally during pregnancy due to risk of abortion.

Not for use during lactation or by children under 3 years old.

For skin conditions:

Wash the aerial parts of the plant thoroughly and crush them. Apply 30 grams (a handful) of vegetal material on the affected area of skin 3 times a day.

For common cold:

There is no available information establishing a means of preparation and dosage other than that referred to by traditional use.

1 CHARLES C, 1988
TRAMIL survey. Movement for Cultural Awareness MCA, Roseau, Dominica.

2 WENIGER B, ROUZIER M, 1986
Enquête TRAMIL. Service Oecuménique d'Entraide SOE, Port au Prince, Haïti.

3 LAGOS-WITTE S, 1988-1995
Encuestas TRAMIL. Laboratorio de Histología Vegetal y Etnobotánica, Departamento de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras UNAH, Tegucigalpa, Honduras.

4 GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU L, GERONIMO M, AMPARO C, 1984
Encuesta TRAMIL. enda-caribe, Santo Domingo, Rep. Dominicana.

5 WENIGER B, 1987-88
Encuesta TRAMIL. enda-caribe, Santo Domingo, Rep. Dominicana.

6 CASTILLO D, RODRIGUEZ S, DE LOS SANTOS C, BELEN A, 2003
Encuesta TRAMIL (Zambrana, Cotuí). Dep. de Botánica, Jardín Botánico Nacional, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana.

7 CASTILLO D, RODRIGUEZ S, DE LOS SANTOS C, BELEN A, 2003
Encuesta TRAMIL (region Este). Dep. de Botánica, Jardín Botánico Nacional, Santo Domingo, República Dominicana.

8 DELENS M, 1990
Encuesta TRAMIL en Barlovento, Edo. Miranda de Venezuela. Centro al Servicio de la Acción Popular CESAP, Caracas, Venezuela.

9 GIRON L, 1988
Encuesta TRAMIL (Costa atlántica). Centro Mesoamericano de Tecnología CEMAT, Guatemala.

10 DELAIGUE J, 2005
TRAMIL survey. UAG & PRDI, Tobago House of Assembly, Scarborough, Tobago.

11 O'REILLY A, 1992
TRAMIL survey. Chemistry & Food Technology Division, Ministry of Agriculture, Dunbars, Antigua & Barbuda.

12 OCAMPO R, 1988
Encuesta TRAMIL (Costa atlántica), Instituto de Desarrollo Agrario, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.

13 FAUJOUR A, MURREY D, CHELTENHAM-CORBIN B, CARRINGTON S, 2003
TRAMIL survey. IICA & UAG, Saint Thomas, Barbados.

14 BENEDETTI MD, 1994
Encuesta TRAMIL. Universidad de Puerto Rico, Mayagüez, Puerto Rico.

15 WENIGER B, SAVARY H, DAGUIHL R, 1984
Tri phytochimique de plantes de la liste TRAMIL. Laboratoire de chimie des substances naturelles, Faculté de médecine et de pharmacie, Université d'Etat d'Haïti, Port au Prince, Haïti.

16 HERRERA J, 1990
Determinación de actividades biológicas de vegetales utilizados en medicina tradicional. Informe TRAMIL. Dep. de Farmacología, Facultad de Salud, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia.

17 DUKE JA, ATCHLEY AA, 1986
Handbook of proximate analysis tables of higher plants. Boca Raton, USA: CRC Press. p110.

18 YASUDA M, IWAMOTO M, OKABE H, YAMAUCHI T, 1984
Structures of momordicines I, II and III, the bitter principles in the leaves and vines of Momordica charantia. Chem Pharm Bull 32(5):2044-2047.

19 DHALLA NS, GUPTA KC, SASTRY MS, MALHOTRA CL, 1961
Chemical composition of the fruit of Momordica charantia. Indian J Pharmacy 23:128-130.

20 KANNA B, 1976
Insulin from Momordica charantia. Patent-Japan Kokai.

21 NG TB, YEUNG HW, 1984
Bioactive constituents of Cucurbitaceae plants with special emphasis on Momordica charantia and Trichosanthes kirilowii. Seoul, Korea: Proc. 5^th. Symposium Medicinal Plants and Spices.

22 KHANNA P, MOHAN S, 1973
Isolation and identification of diosgenin and sterols from fruits and in vitro cultures of Momordica charantia. Indian J Exp Biol 11:58-60.

23 OKABE H, MIYAHARA K, YAMAGUCHI T, MIYAHARA K, KAWASAKI T, 1980
Studies on the constituents of Momordica charantia L. I: Isolation and characterization of momordicosides A and B, glycosides of a pentahydroxy-cucurbitane triterpene. Chem Pharm Bull 28(9):2753-2762.

24 RODRIGUEZ DB, RAYMUNDO LC, TUNG-CHING LEE, SIMPSON KL, CHICHESTER CO, 1976
Carotenoid pigment changes in ripening Momordica charantia fruits. Ann Bot (London) 40(3):615-624.

25 CACERES A, JAUREGUI E, HERRERA D, LOGEMANN H, 1991
Plants used in Guatemala for the treatment of dermatomucosal infections. 1: Screening of 38 plant extracts for anticandidal activity. J Ethnopharmacol 33(3):277-283.

26 HEAL R, ROGERS E, WALLACE RT, STARNES O, 1950
A survey of plants for insecticidal activity. Lloydia 13(2):89-162.

27 HUSSAIN HSN, DEENI YY, 1991
Plants in Kano ethnomedicine; screening for antimicrobial activity and alkaloids. Int J Pharmacol 29(1):51-56.

28 MANEELRT S, SATTHAMPONGSA A, 1978
Antimicrobial activity of Momordica charantia. Undergraduate special project report. Bangkok, Thailand: Mahidol University. Faculty of Pharmacy.

29 MOKKHASMIT M, SAWASDIMONGKOL K, SATRAWAHA P, 1971
Study on toxicity of Thai medicinal plants. Bull Dept Med Sci 12(1/2):36-65.

30 GONZALEZ A, ALFONSO H, 1990
Evaluación de la toxicidad dérmica de Momordica charantia L., Foeniculum vulgare Mill y Cassia occidentalis L. en cobayos. Informe TRAMIL. Centro Nacional de Salud Animal, La Habana, Cuba.

31 GONZALEZ A, ALFONSO H, 1990
Evaluación de la toxicidad dérmica de Momordica charantia L. y Cassia occidentalis L. en conejos. Informe TRAMIL. Centro Nacional de Salud Animal, La Habana, Cuba.

32 LAGARTO A, COURET M, GUERRA I, LOPEZ R, 2008
Toxicidad aguda oral y ensayos de irritación de extractos acuoso e hidroalcohólico de (follaje) Momordica charantia L. Rev Cubana Plant Med [online] 13(3):0-0. Disponible en: http://bvs.sld.cu/revistas/pla/vol13_3_08/pla05308.htm

33 TABORA O, 1986
Estudio de toxicidad aguda en ratones de la fracción hipoglucemiante de Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae). Tegucigalpa, Honduras: IV Semana Científica Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Honduras UNAH.

34 PRAKASH AO, MATHUR R, 1976
Screening of Indian plants for antifertility activity. Indian J Exp Biol 14(5):623-626.

35 RUIZ AR, DE LA TORRE RA, ALONSO N, VILLAESCUSA A, BETANCOURT J, VIZOSO A, 1996
Screening of medicinal plants for induction of somatic segregation activity in Aspergillus nidulans. J Ethnopharmacol 52(3):123-127.

36 SHARMA VN, SOGANI RK, ARORA RB, 1960
Some observations on hypoglycemic activity of Momordica charantia. Indian J Med Res 48(4):471-477.

37 UCHE-NWACHI EO, MC EWEN C, 2010
Teratogenic effect of the water extract of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) on the Sprague Dawley rats. African J of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative Medicines 7(1):24-33.

38 DIXIT VP, KHANNA P, BHARGAVA SK, 1978
Effects of Momordica charantia fruit extract on the testicular function of dog. Planta Med 34(3):280-286.

39 KOENTJORO-SOEHADI T, SANTA I, 1982
Perspectives of male contraception with regards to Indonesian traditional drugs. Bali, Indonesia: 2^nd National Congress of Indonesian Society of Andrology.

40 KHAN AH, BURNEY A, 1962
A preliminary study of the hypoglycemic properties of indigenous plants. Pakistan J Med Res 2:100-116.

41 WEST M, SIDRAK G, STREET S, 1971
The anti-growth properties of extracts from Momordica charantia. West Indian Med J 20(1):25-34.

42 NG T, 1988
Effects of momorcharins on ovarian response to gonadotropin induced superovulation in mice. Int J Fertil 33(2):123-128.

43 YEUNG HW, LI WW, FENG Z, BARBIERI L, STIRPE F, 1988
Trichosanthin, alpha-momorcharin and beta-momorcharin: Identity of abortifacient and ribosome-inactivating protein. Int J Peptide Protein Res 31(3):265-268.

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