Zingiber montanum

Scientific name: Zingiber montanum (J.Koenig) Link ex A.Dietr.Roscoe

Synonym: Zingiber purpureum Roscoe

Synonym 2: Zingiber cassumunar Roxb.

Botanical family: ZINGIBERACEAE

Vernacular names

(In territories with significant traditional TRAMIL use)

Dominican Republic:

jengibre amargo

Geographical distribution

Native of tropical Asia, cultivated in the tropics.

Botanical description

Herbaceous, up to 1 m. Oblong-lanceolate leaves, 13 to 28 cm, obtuse. Bracts ovate to orbicular, 2.5 to 3.5 cm, obtuse, green with pale border; pubescent margin; white corolla, thin tube of

2.5 cm; lobes acuminate. 2.5 cm ellipsoid fruit.

Voucher(s)

Germosén-Robineau,28484A,JBSD

rheumatism

rhizome, maceration, orally¹

The rhizome of Zingiber purpureum is a food of relatively widespread human consumption¹⁵.

For rheumatism:

prepare an aqueous maceration, crushing 7-10 grams of fresh rhizome and adding 2 cups (½ litre) of boiled water (at room temperature), leave to stand for 2 hours, strain (filter) and drink 1 cup every 12 hours, for 1 to 2 weeks. Not for use for more than 15 consecutive days.

Preparations must never be stored for more than 24 hours, even if refrigerated.

According to the information available:

The use for rheumatism is classified as REC based on the significant traditional use documented in the TRAMIL surveys and the scientific information published.

Do not use for more than 15 consecutive days.

The LD¹ of the ethanolic extract (50%) from the dried rhizome, orally and subcutaneously in mice was greater than 10 g/kg^12-13.

The aqueous extract from the dried rhizome, in vitro, against Bacillus subtilis H17, M45, was not mutagenic¹⁴.

There is no information available documenting the safety of medicinal use in children, during pregnancy or breastfeeding.

The rhizome contains essential oil: terpinen-4-ol (45.4%)², α and γ-terpinene³, 1-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)butadiene⁴; benzenoids:. 4-(3’,4’-dimethoxyphenyl)but-trans-3-en-2-ol⁵ and derivatives^6-7, cassumunarin a-c⁸, dimethoxy-curcumin; stilbenes:cyclohex-1-ene-3(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2,4,5- trimethoxystyryl and derivatives; naphthoquinones⁷.

The methanolic extract from the dried rhizome (3 mg/kg), orally in mice, acetic acid-induced contortion model, showed analgesic activity⁹; in rats with the same dose, in the carrageenan-induced leg oedema model, it had anti-inflammatory activity⁹.

The aqueous extract from the dried rhizome, in vitro, on rat intestinal smooth muscle, showed antispasmodic activity against acetylcholine-induced contractions¹⁰.

The aqueous and hydroalcoholic extract from the fresh rhizome (1 mg/ear) in topical application in male mice, in a phorbol- induced inflammation model, showed anti-inflammatory activity¹¹.

Pharmacopoeia

Ed.3

References

GERMOSEN-ROBINEAU L, GERONIMO M, AMPARO C, 1984

Encuesta TRAMIL. enda-caribe, Santo Domingo, Rep. Dominicana.

BALBIN-OLIVEROS M, BRUCE BS, 1986

Pharmacognostic studies on Zingiber purpureum Rosc. (family Zingiberaceae). Asian J Pharm suppl 6(8):130.

PONGPRAYOON U, SOONTORNSARATUNE P, JARIKASEM S, SEMATONG T, WASUWAT S, CLAESON P, 1997

Topical antiinflammatory activity of the major lipophilic constituents of the rhizome of

Zingiber cassumunar. Part I: The essential oil. Phytomedicine 3(4):319-322.

BAKER DM, NABNEY J, 1975

Identification of a novel constituent of the essential oil of Zingiber cassumunar. Int Flavours Food Addit 6:136.

PANTHONG A, KANJANAPOTHI D, NIWATANANANT W, TUNTIWACHWUTTIKUL P, REUTRAKUL V, 1997

Anti-inflammatory activity of compound {(e)-4-(3’,4’-dimethoxyphenyl) but-3-en-2- ol} isolated from Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. Phytomedicine 4(3):207-212.

TUNTIWACHWUTTIKUL P, LIMCHAWFAR B, REUTRAKUL V, PANCHAROEN O, JAIPETCH T, KUSAMRAN K, 1980

Structure elucidation and syntheses of some constituents of Zingiber cassumunar

Roxb. Abstr 4th Asian Symp Med Plants Spices Bangkok Thailand p164.

KUROYANAGI M, FUKUSHIMA S, YOSHIHIRA K, NATORI S, DECHATIWONGSE T, MIHASHI K, NISHI M, HARA S, 1980

Thai medicinal plants. Part VIII. Further characterization of the constituents of a Thai medicinal plant, Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. Chem Pharm Bull 28:2948-2959.

JITOE A, MASUDA T, MABRY TJ, 1994

Novel antioxidants, cassumunarin A, B, and C, from Zingiber cassumunar. Tetrahedron Lett 35(7):981-984.

OZAKI Y, KAWAHARA N, HARADA M, 1991

Anti-inflammatory effect of Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. and its active principles. Chem Pharm Bull 39(9):2353-2356.

ANATASAN V, 1982

A pharmacological study of plai (Zingiber casumunar Roxb.) water extract on smooth muscles (section II). J Natl Res Counc Thailand 14:1-2.

MASUDA T, JITOE A, 1994

Antioxidative and antiinflammatory compounds from tropical gingers: Isolation, structure determination, and activities of cassumunins A, B, and C, new complex curcuminoids from Zingiber cassumunar. J Agric Food Chem 42(9):1850-1856.

MOKKHASMIT M, SWATDIMONGKOL K, SATRAWAHA P, 1971

Study on toxicity of Thai medicinal plants. Bull Dept Med Sci 12(2-4):36-65.

KIATYINGUNGSULEE N, WANGMAD M, SWASDIMONGKOL K, MOKKHASMIT M, 1979

Some pharmacological studies of active constituents in plai (Zingiber cassumunar

Roxb.). Bull Dept Med Sci 21(1):13-25.

UNGSURUNGSIE M, SUTHIENKUL O, PAOVALO C, 1982

Mutagenicity screening of popular Thai spices. Food Chem Toxicol 20(5):527-530.

MURAKAMI A, KONDO A, NAKAMURAY, OHIGASHI H, KOSHIMIZU K, 1993

Possible anti-tumor promoting properties of edible plants from Thailand, and identification of an active constituent, cardamonin, of Boesenbergia pandurata. Biosci Biotech Biochem 57(11):1971-1973.

Disclaimer

The information provided is for educational purposes only for the benefit of the general public and health professionals. It is not intended to take the place of either the written law or regulations. Since some parts of plants could be toxic, might induce side effects, or might have interactions with certain drugs, anyone intending to use them or their products must first consult with a physician or another qualified health care professional. TRAMIL has no responsibility whatsoever towards the user for any decision, action or omission made in relation to the information contained in this Pharmacopoeia.

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